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Android 8.1 (API level 27) introduces a variety ofnew features and capabilities for users and developers.This document highlights what's new for developers.
Android Oreo (Go edition)
- Wallet Agent is an Android service to support mobile payments on NFC-devices NFC ReTag FREE 2.17.1 FREE Use any NFC tag and other triggers to start multiple functions on your device!
- Oct 21, 2019 NFC Phone 2 PC Communication for Android Free Digital Logic Ltd. RFID NFC manufacturers Android Version 1.4 Full Specs Visit Site External Download Site.
Android Go is our initiative to optimize the Android experience forbillions of people coming online around the world. Starting with Android 8.1,we’re making Android a great platform for entry-level devices. Features in the Android Oreo(Go edition) configuration include:
NFC Reader is a simple and efficient tool letting you to read contact-less tags on your smartphones and tablets. NFC Reader supports various tags like NDEF, RFID, FeliCa, ISO 14443, Mifare Classic 1k, MIFARE DESFire, MIFARE Ultralight, NTAG. To use NFC Reader, you have just to hold a tag or a card against the back of your device to read it.
- Memory optimizations. Improved memory usage across the platform to ensurethat apps can run efficiently on devices with 1GB or less RAM.
- Flexible targeting options. Newhardware featureconstants to let you target the distribution of your apps to normal or low-RAM devices throughGoogle Play.
- Google Play.While all apps will be available on devices running Android Oreo(Go edition), Google Play will give visibility to apps specifically optimized by developersto provide a great experience for billions of people with the building for billionsguidelines.
We’ve updated the building for billionsguidelines with additional guidance on how tooptimize your app for devices runningAndroid Oreo (Go edition). For most developers, optimizing your existing APK or usingGoogle Play’s Multiple APK feature to target a version of your APK to low-RAM devicesis the best way to prepare for devices running Android Oreo (Go edition). Remember that making yourapp lighter and more efficient benefits your whole audience, regardless of device.
Neural Networks API
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The Neural Networks API provides accelerated computation and inference for on-device machinelearning frameworks like TensorFlowLite—Google's cross-platform ML library for mobile—as well as Caffe2 and others. Visit the TensorFlow Liteopen sourcerepo for downloads and docs.TensorFlow Lite works with the Neural Networks API to run models likeMobileNets,Inception v3,and Smart Reply efficiently on your mobile device.
Autofill framework updates
Android 8.1 (API level 27) provides several improvements to the AutofillFramework that you can incorporate into your apps.
The BaseAdapter
class now includes the setAutofillOptions()
method, which allows you to provide string representations of the values in anadapter. This is useful for spinnercontrols that dynamically generate the values in their adapters. For example,you can use the setAutofillOptions()
method to provide a stringrepresentation of the list of years that the users can choose as part of acredit card expiration date. Autofill services can use the string representationto appropriately fill out the views that require the data.
Additionally, the AutofillManager
class includes the notifyViewVisibilityChanged(View, int, boolean)
methodthat you can call to notify the framework about changes in the visibility of aview in a virtual structure. There's also an overload of the method for nonvirtual structures. However, non virtual structures usually don't require you toexplicitly notify the framework because the method is already called by theView
class.
Android 8.1 also gives Autofill Services more ability to customize the save UIaffordance by adding support for CustomDescriptionand
Validator
within SaveInfo
.
Custom descriptions are useful to help the autofill service clarify what isbeing saved; for example, when the screen contains a credit card, it coulddisplay a logo of the credit card bank, the last four digits of the credit cardnumber, and its expiration number. To learn more, see the CustomDescription
class.
Validator
objects are used to avoid displaying the autofill save UI when the Validatorcondition isn't satisfied. To learn more, see the Validator class along with its subclasses, LuhnChecksumValidator and RegexValidator.
Notifications
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Android 8.1 includes the following changes to notifications:
- Apps can now only make a notification alert sound once per second. Alert sounds that exceed this rate aren't queued and are lost. This change doesn't affect other aspects of notification behavior and notification messages still post as expected.
NotificationListenerService
andConditionProviderService
are not supported on low-RAM Android-powered devices that returntrue
whenActivityManager.isLowRamDevice()
is called.
EditText update
Beginning with API level 27, the EditText.getText()
method returns an Editable
; previouslyit returned a CharSequence
. This change isbackward-compatible, as Editable
implementsCharSequence
.
The Editable
interface provides valuable additionalfunctionality. For example, because Editable
alsoimplements the Spannable
interface, you can apply markup tocontent within an instance of EditText
.
Programmatic Safe Browsing actions
By using the WebView
implementation of the Safe Browsing API, your app candetect when an instance of WebView
attempts to navigateto a URL that Google has classified as a known threat. By default, theWebView
shows an interstitial that warns users of the known threat.This screen gives users the option to load the URL anyway or return to aprevious page that's safe.
In Android 8.1, you can define programmatically how yourapp responds to a known threat:
- You can control whether your app reports known threats to Safe Browsing.
- You can have your app automatically perform a particular action—such as going back to safety—each time it encounters a URL that Safe Browsing classifies as a known threat.
Note: For optimal protection against known threats, waituntil you've initialized Safe Browsing before you invoke aWebView
object's loadUrl()
method.
The following code snippets show how you can instruct your app's instances ofWebView
to always go back to safety after encountering aknown threat:
AndroidManifest.xml
MyWebActivity.java
MyWebViewClient.java
Kotlin
Java
Video thumbnail extractor
The MediaMetadataRetriever
class has a new method, getScaledFrameAtTime()
, that findsa frame near a given time position and returns a bitmap with the same aspectratio as the source frame, but scaled to fit into a rectangle of given width andheight. This is useful for generating thumbnail images from video.
We recommend using this method rather than getFrameAtTime()
which can waste memorybecause it returns a bitmap with the same resolution as the source video. Forexample, a frame from a 4K video would be a 16MB bitmap, far larger than youwould need for a thumbnail image.
Shared memory API
Android 8.1 (API level 27) introduces a newSharedMemory
API. This class allows you to create, map, and manage an anonymousSharedMemory
instance. You set the memory protectionon aSharedMemory
object for reading and/or writing, and, since theSharedMemory
object is Parcelable, you can easily pass it to another process through AIDL.
The SharedMemory
API interoperates with theASharedMemory
facility in the NDK.ASharedMemory
gives accessto a file descriptor, which can then be mapped to read and write. It's a greatway to share large amountsof data between apps or between multiple processes within a single app.
WallpaperColors API
Android 8.1 (API level 27) allows your live wallpaper to provide colorinformation to the system UI. You do this by creating a WallpaperColors
object from a bitmap, a drawable, or by using three manually-selected colors.You can also retrieve this color information.
To create a WallpaperColors
object, do either of the following:
- To create a
WallpaperColors
object by using three colors, create an instance of theWallpaperColors
class by passing the primary, the secondary, and the tertiary color. The primarycolor must not be null. - To create a
WallpaperColors
object from a bitmap, call thefromBitmap()
method by passing the bitmap source as parameter. - To create a
WallpaperColors
object from a drawable, call thefromDrawable()
method by passing the drawable source as parameter.
To retrieve the primary, secondary, or tertiary color details from thewallpaper, call the following methods:
getPrimaryColor()
returns the most visually-representativecolor of the wallpaper.getSecondaryColor()
returns the second most preeminent color of the wallpaper.getTertiaryColor()
method returns the third most preeminent color of the wallpaper.
To notify the system about any significant color changes in your live wallpaper,call the notifyColorsChanged()
method. This method triggers an onComputeColors()
lifecycleevent where you have an opportunity to provide a new WallpaperColors
object.
To add a listener for color changes, you can call the addOnColorsChangedListener()
method. You canalso call the getWallpaperColors()
methodto retrieve the primary colors of a wallpaper.
Fingerprint updates
The FingerprintManager
class hasintroduced the following error codes:
FINGERPRINT_ERROR_LOCKOUT_PERMANENT
– The user has tried too many times to unlock their device using the fingerprint reader.FINGERPRINT_ERROR_VENDOR
– A vendor-specific fingerprint reader error occurred.
Cryptography updates
A number of cryptography changes have been made with Android 8.1:
- New algorithms have been implemented in Conscrypt. The Conscryptimplementation is preferentially used over the existing Bouncy Castleimplementation. New algorithms include:
AlgorithmParameters:GCM
KeyGenerator:AES
KeyGenerator:DESEDE
KeyGenerator:HMACMD5
KeyGenerator:HMACSHA1
KeyGenerator:HMACSHA224
KeyGenerator:HMACSHA256
KeyGenerator:HMACSHA384
KeyGenerator:HMACSHA512
SecretKeyFactory:DESEDE
Signature:NONEWITHECDSA
- )'>
Cipher.getParameters().getParameterSpec(IvParameterSpec.class)
nolonger works for algorithms that use GCM. Instead, usegetParameterSpec(GCMParameterSpec.class)
. - Many internal Conscrypt classes associated with TLS were refactored. Sincedevelopers sometimes access these reflectively, shims have been left in place tosupport previous usage, but some details have changed. For example, socketspreviously were of type
OpenSSLSocketImpl
, but now they’re of typeConscryptFileDescriptorSocket
orConscryptEngineSocket
, both of which extendOpenSSLSocketImpl
. SSLSession
methods used to throwIllegalArgumentException
when passed a null reference, they nowthrowNullPointerException
.- The RSA
KeyFactory
no longer allows generation of keysfrom byte arrays that are larger than the encoded key. Calls togeneratePrivate()
andgeneratePublic()
that provide aKeySpec
where the key structure does not fill theentire buffer will result in anInvalidKeySpecException
. - When a socket read is interrupted by the socket being closed, Conscrypt usedto return -1 from the read. The read now throws
SocketException
. - The set of root CA certificates has been changed, mostly removing a largenumber of obsolete certificates, but also removing the root certificates forWoSign and StartCom. For more information on this decision, see the GoogleSecurity Blog post,Finalremoval of trust in WoSign and StartCom Certificates.
Did you know that the NFC (Near Field Communication) feature on your Android device can be used for more than just Android and Samsung Pay? It’s true! Near-field communication technology has been around long before Google, Apple and Samsung decided to start making use of the technology. There are many different things users can do with NFC!
In this list we’ll go over some great uses for NFC on Android that have nothing to do with contactless payment. Each of these apps bring cool and unique uses to NFC. Here are five additional ways to make good use of the NFC apps for Android!
Note: to use these apps, your Android phone must first be equipped with the NFC feature.
1. App Beam
If you’re savvy with Android, you probably want to export an APK (Android app) from your phone to give to someone else. Doing this takes a while. First, you have to get an APK extractor. Then you have to determine how to send the APK and then upload it. With App Beam, sending apps from your phone is way easier.
All the user needs to do is select an app to transfer, then use NFC to transfer the app directly to the other device. There is no messing with third party upload sites or anything like that. If you extract and send APKs frequently, consider this tool.
2. SuperBeam
Want to send a file to someone but don’t feel like messing around with file-transfer websites or cloud storage links? If your Android device has NFC, you may want to give SuperBeam a try. With this app users can easily send and receive files by tapping two devices together to create a direct connection.
Additionally, Superbeam supports file transfer via QR codes, download history and more.
3. Puzzle Alarm Clock
Often times, alarms get ignored because it is so easy to just click the “snooze” button. This makes waking up on time hit or miss. Introducing Puzzle Alarm Clock, an alarm clock that forces you to solve puzzles to turn off your alarm. However, an interesting feature in this alarm clock is its support for NFC stickers. With NFC stickers enabled, users will be forced to wake up and tap their phone against an NFC sticker to end the alarm.
If you’ve tried regular alarm clocks and need something new, try this app.
4. Insta WiFi
Giving guests the wireless code can be tiring. With every house guest you’re forced to either remember the key or dig around the house to find the single piece of paper with the access key written on it. With InstaWifi, this problem goes away. Using this app, users can easily create NFC tags (NFC stickers) to share wireless codes.
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This is super useful because you could make several NFC stickers or cards and just pass them out for your guests to scan if they want to access the Internet. InstaWifi also supports QR codes for phones that do not have NFC.
5. NFC Tools
In this list, we’ve gone over apps that respond to NFC stickers. NFC Tools has similar features. Using this app, users can write and read data directly to NFC tags and stickers. This is very handy if you want to create your own smart card or something that interacts with NFC (like a message that can only be read with NFC, etc.).
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If you’ve ever wanted to create your own NFC tags and write data to them or simply want a way to access NFC tags you find in the world, do check out this app.
Conclusion
Despite its reputation, NFC is more than just contactless payment. For a few years, people have been using NFC for things like NFC stickers or other esoteric functions like file transfers. The reality is that this technology is super interesting and doesn’t get enough coverage due to the fact that not many people understand just how useful it can be. Hopefully, as smartphones and NFC becomes more prevalent, the technology will become more popular.
Using Nfc On Android
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